@amw88 Calipers pinch your skin to measure the subcutaneous fat in several places and then use an equation to extrapolate your overall BF%. Underwater/bodpod measures your body density with respect to water/air and then uses some equation models that assume densities for muscle/fat/bone to figure out your overall BF%, subcutaneous + visceral. In all of these, you're really not measuring BF% but estimating it based off of the "model" of a person that they used - so depending on how you sit with reference to the model, your estimation could end up higher or lower than "actual". Unfortunately, most people are not close to the model.
DEXA scans are known to have higher BF% measurements compared to other methods and actually, there is more variability in BF% measurements for women compared to men.
DEXA scans are known to have higher BF% measurements compared to other methods and actually, there is more variability in BF% measurements for women compared to men.